Experiences of Covid-19 and Intensive Care

Overview

This study is one of four studies on Covid-19 in the UK published on the HEXI website:

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a virus known as SARS-CoV-2. Although COVID-19 is the official name of the viral infection, we use the ‘Covid’ throughout for purposes of readability.

Whilst most people who get infected with Covid experience mild to moderate symptoms and illness, or even no symptoms at all, a few become critically ill and require specialist medical care. Although older age groups and those living with pre-existing health conditions are more vulnerable to a COVID-19 infection, anyone can become critically ill or die.

Experiences of Covid-19 and Intensive Care - site preview

Experiences of Covid-19 and Intensive Care - site preview

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Neil: I did say to work, I think I need to self-isolate, but I did say, I feel like I’ve been hit by a train, but I’ll be alright, I’ll let you know how I am in a couple of weeks after I’ve isolated. And that didn’t materialise obviously because it just deteriorated, and I ended up in hospital. So yeah, it was …golly, it was worse than the flu.

Donna: So, my daughter took him into the local hospital, and I packed up some belongings and I just said to Simon, I’ll see you soon, thinking that I would see him soon, because I never really thought it was so serious. I just thought the oxygen and whatever, antibiotics.

Zoe: I knew I was in the right place, but it’s just that you’re very aware that there’s a person in the bed opposite you, and then suddenly there isn’t. Or there’s a person in the bed next to you, and suddenly there isn’t. So, I think you kind of get in a thing of thinking, am I next? So, I found that really hard.

Andrew: In some ways when you’re on a ventilator the family has the, is going through more of a worse trauma, it has a worse time of it than the patient because on the one front the patient is having a bad time of it because they’re almost dying but we’re as, we’re asleep. So, I mean, we, you can talk about that experience and, at some point which I am sure we will. But, but you’re asleep, it’s the, the family that is worrying and concerned and doesn’t know what’s happening with their loved ones.

 

Shireen and Yacoob

Shireen: I was I was very emotional at that time. I was very emotional; it was hard for me to control myself. I was worried about like my children were giving me so much, telling me he will be back, he will be back, but I was quite emotional. I don't want to, sometimes my son arranged for the face time, but I don't want to see him with the seat back on the bed, lying on the bed. I was quite emotional, and I was quite worried all the time. I was crying, crying, crying, but you can't help it, you can't help it.

Yacoob: The problem is that during that time, you know, you lost, how many, his sister, four children he lost.

Shireen: So, because all this in the family it happens and all of a sudden it happens to us

 

Sadia: He must have suddenly deteriorated, because I got a call on that Thursday morning, to say that he was quite unwell. I think his oxygen saturations had gone very low, and I think, again, his lungs, I think they’d done an x-ray and it wasn’t looking good. I think at this point, you see this is the stage where it starts to get a bit muddy, because at this point, I think they’d spoken to my dad, and pretty much said, we don’t think you’re going to, this isn’t looking good at all for you.

 

Carl: think this is the thing with Covid is the fact that you don’t have hardly any human contact, and I think that’s something that’s quite hard when you’re a patient. Because nobody really wants to be near you, and you’ve got no family can see you. It’s amazing probably how much difference that makes I think. It’s just really, really lonely.

 

Laurence: Yeah, they brought an iPad. I couldn’t use my phone… so incomprehensible for me, I couldn’t use my phone because it was too cumbersome. So, all conversations, I think, were aimed at giving me hope to just get better and, yes, they were a real morale booster for me, and I think that’s a brilliant idea if, in the entire ward, in a situation where you cannot have your family or friends. I think if I’d been involved in a motorcycle accident or something or, you know, I’m sure that in a normal situation you’d be able to be beside your partner, holding their hand, without being covered in PPE… you know, all that gear and it would help. There's a connection there, isn’t there?

 

Paula: It's…and I've become obsessed with Covid, I watch programmes on intensive care units to see how other people…because I wanted to know what proning [was], I wanted to know what that was and what it entailed, so you know, I'm, you know, people saying you don’t need to know, but I do, I do need to know, I want to know what they did to me whilst I was asleep.

 

Caroline: There’s a story called the Starfish Story. It’s a very short one and it’s my message for all nurses is, there was a boy walking along the beach. And a man was following him, and the man saw this boy bending down every so often. And the beach was absolutely littered with starfish, and they were going to die because the sun was coming up. And every now and again, the boy would bend down, pick up a starfish and throw it back into water, where it would be safe.

And the man was really puzzled by this and eventually he caught the boy up and he said to him, what are you doing? And the boy said, I’m throwing the starfish back because otherwise they’re going to die. And the man said, but there’s thousands of starfish on this beach, you can’t make any difference. And the boy bent down, picked a starfish up, threw it back and said, I made a difference to that one.

In this section, you can learn about the experiences and recovery from being critically ill with Covid and being in an intensive care unit (ICU), and the experiences of being a partner, friend or family member of somebody admitted to ICU with Covid, by seeing and hearing people share their personal stories.

Between February 2021 to December 2021, medical anthropologist Annelieke Driessen interviewed 44 people across the UK about their experiences of intensive care with Covid: 32 patients, and 12 family members and close friends of somebody who had been in ICU with Covid, six of whom had lost their loved one in ICU. Two additional interviews came from the HEXI project [Covid in the community] and one interview was conducted by Syed Ahmed. All but two interviews were conducted via videoconferencing platforms and the phone, to comply with the public health restrictions in place at the time, and to ensure the safety of all involved. Lisa Hinton was involved as a senior researcher, and contributed to recruitment, analysis and write-up.

Participants who had been admitted to ICU were aged between 33 and 77 years old at the time of their admission. Partners, family members and friends who participated were between 23 and 68 years old. Some participants were interviewed as soon as three months after their or their loved one’s admission, others were interviewed up to thirteen months afterwards.

In many ways, COVID-19 is a moving target. Since its emergence in the UK in March 2020, COVID-19 has known many variants, the most widespread and concerning came to be known as ‘Alpha’, ‘Beta’, ‘Delta’ and ‘Omicron’. In the early months of the pandemic the condition and its treatment were mostly unknown to clinical staff and scientists. Rapidly devised clinical trials demonstrated the efficacy of drug treatments to reduce the mortality rate. Vaccines have radically changed the way the virus was dealt with, both personally as well as politically. Health services were variously burdened with the sheer number of people needing care at the same time, which impacted not only how well people could be helped, but also their experiences in hospital and their health outcomes after discharge. Finally, public health measures including lockdowns, visitor restrictions to hospitals, public availability of testing and vaccines have shaped people’s experiences of seeking help, admission to hospital, the stay in ICU, recovery, support and bereavement. Experiences of COVID-19 and intensive care are therefore diverse in many different ways. Participants in this study spent time in ICU between March and April 2020 and September 2020 and April 2021, as part of the first two waves of COVID-19 infections in the UK. Speaking to patients with experiences of ICU with the Omicron variant of COVID-19 was not within the scope of the study.

In this section you can find out about patients' experiences of symptoms before admission, getting in touch with health care services, admission to hospital, experiences of ICU treatments and infection control measures, discharge and recovery. From family members you can hear about their experiences with the visitor ban, communication with doctors and nurses, end-of-life visits and bereavement, or the time after their loved one came home.

Funded by

  This Institute 

nuffield department of primary care health sciences logo

This project is supported by the Health Foundation’s grant to the University of Cambridge for The Healthcare Improvement Studies Institute (THIS Institute). The project is a collaboration between the THIS institute at the University of Cambridge, the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and the Health Experiences Research Group at the University of Oxford.

Publication date: July 2022

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