Bereavement due to suicide
The funeral or commemoration
Funerals and other commemorations for a person’s life may be very sad occasions, but they often help those who are grieving. Planning a commemoration can be a cathartic distraction, and some said they wanted to be closely involved in the process because it was an important ‘last thing’ that they could do for the person who had died.
Funerals and commemorations can give people an opportunity to express thoughts and feelings about the person who died, pray for the person’s spirit (if applicable), and say good-bye.
Funeral ceremonies in the UK take many forms and vary according to preference, for example, for burial or cremation, and according to cultural and/or religious beliefs or affiliations.
Some people may have a funeral service, for example, in a chapel, church, or other secular building, which may then be followed by a ceremony at a crematorium. A burial or a scattering of ashes may also occur there or elsewhere.
The entire ceremony may be held at the crematorium, or some people may plan to go to the crematorium first and then hold a service and/or a burial or ash scattering elsewhere (see also ‘Burying the body or scattering or burying the ashes’).
Funeral ceremonies, services, plans, and rites vary from person to person and according to cultural and/or religious backgrounds. People may also include or amalgamate traditions or elements of various services at the ceremony.
Experiences attending the funeral or commemoration
The people we talked to had all been bereaved by suicide and most were still feeling shocked and desolate at the time of the funeral. Some said the funeral had been 'awful'.
Mike was only 18 when his father died. The funeral, at a crematorium, was dreadful because it really brought it home that his father had died.
Mike was only 18 when his father died. The funeral, at a crematorium, was dreadful because it really brought it home that his father had died.
The actual funeral was just a dreadful experience, really in the sense that of course it really brought it home that he’d died. It was an horrendous experience for me in that, in the January of that year, my father took his life in the April, from the January of that year I’d got badly smashed up on a motorbike, I was in hospital for three months, and when I came out of hospital I still had a full length plaster cast and I was at the funeral with like two crutches hobbling about with a full length plaster cast feeling not only smashed up in body but smashed up in mind and spirit, so it was a triple whammy, you know, in all senses of the word.
Mmm.
It was a dreadful day. There was like hundreds of people there I couldn’t believe how many people were there, I didn’t realise my father knew as many people as that, that was quite amazing how many people were there to me.
Mmm.
I remember feeling quite overwhelmed by that but at the same time it was good that people were there, you know, that, in remembrance of him, you know?
Jasvinder felt perturbed because the funeral took place at the house where her sister had taken her own life. A Sikh priest spoke and the female mourners cried beside the coffin.
Jasvinder felt perturbed because the funeral took place at the house where her sister had taken her own life. A Sikh priest spoke and the female mourners cried beside the coffin.
Do you mind saying just a little bit more about her funeral?
Yeah.
They didn’t want you at the mourning.
Yeah, yeah.
Did the funeral take place there, or was it in a, somewhere else?
The, the funeral itself was actually in the house, the coffin came to the house where she had committed suicide.
Was that taken by the local priest, the local Sikh?
Yes, it would’ve been the local, it would’ve been a Sikh priest, but I felt quite perturbed at the fact that it felt very insensitive to me that her coffin was being laid in the house where she’d committed suicide, it didn’t feel right to me, none of it felt right to me, at all. And when Asian women mourn, when somebody dies, what happens is and I remember this from being young and also when I went to the house when I was told to stay away, this was the case, they take all the furniture out of one room and they lay a white cloth on the floor, white sheets on the floor and you have to go in and cover yourself, your head, take your shoes off and you sit down and you cry and cry and some of them hit themselves and beat themselves, and cry and cry and you walk into that environment and you see that, and when I walked in, people walked out. But the fact that Robina’s body was actually in the house where she’d committed suicide for me, never sat with me, it should’ve been at my father’s house.
Mm.
And that’s where it should’ve been.
Was there any formal part of the service, was there a service as it were, or just the mourning, the people there mourning?
There were people mourning, and she was cremated. And that was it.
Were any special words said at the mourning?
There was an Asian priest there that spoke, but nobody passed any special words to her. I mean my mother was being held up by people, she was in such grief, in such a grieving state and I remember seeing my nephew who was her son; he must’ve been about 3 or 4 at the time, just running around oblivious to what was happening.
Other people remembered the funeral in a much more positive light. The funeral had been sad, but they saw it as a way of accepting what had happened; as a 'form of family and community solidarity', or as a celebration of a life.
Several people were amazed by the number of people who came to the funeral: the show of support meant a lot to them. Sometimes members of the family or friends read personal tributes and chose significant music while others followed a more traditional religious service.
Alice’s funeral was ‘immensely helpful’. It gave the family a sense of strength and a feeling of solidarity. It helped them to accept what had happened.
Alice’s funeral was ‘immensely helpful’. It gave the family a sense of strength and a feeling of solidarity. It helped them to accept what had happened.
Her father’s ‘humanist’ funeral was a ‘joyous occasion’. It was a ‘celebration’ of different aspects of his life, and a ‘proper closure’ to a wonderful life well lived.
Her father’s ‘humanist’ funeral was a ‘joyous occasion’. It was a ‘celebration’ of different aspects of his life, and a ‘proper closure’ to a wonderful life well lived.
…do you want to say anything about his funeral?
Well that was a joyous occasion because he was a man with a wonderful sense of humour, and my brother found the strength enough to talk about his life and gave lots of details. I mean he’d traveled a lot, he’d traveled with my mother a lot in the last years, he was always the life and soul of the party, my father was a real party man and there was a lot of laughing at the funeral. He was a very popular man, two to three hundred at the crematorium, people obviously write lovely things to you at that time, it was…
It was a celebration of his life?
It was. A real celebration. Yes, I don’t think I cried much, I’ve got a little bit of lump now but I don’t, I don’t think I’ve cried much because he, he has lived life so fully.
Mm.
And I think he was proud of all of us as well, I don’t think any of us let him down. And no, I’ve no regrets.
Was it a Christian funeral?
It wasn’t actually, no. My father was not a Christian.
So would you call it a humanist one?
Yes I suppose so, yes, just a celebration really, at the crematorium, you know it wasn’t at the church, although there was a vicar who spoke as well, a Reverend who had known my father and christened both my sons, and been involved with the school where I had worked, so he did, he was involved, but my father was not a believer, unlike my mother.
So what form did the funeral take? You had some music and some readings and people spoke?
Yes, music, readings, my brother gave the longest speech I suppose you’d call it, it was really celebrating different aspects of his life, I don’t think anyone else spoke; I wasn’t brave enough to speak. I think I would’ve cried. I don’t think my youngest brother spoke, but then we went back to a hotel for a reception, a lot of people there and again I don’t think I remember being, I don’t think I was very upset, and I don’t think anyone else cried really. I think the people, he had quite a, a community that met with him on the beach, where he was a beach hut owner for 30 years, and I think they were shocked and surprised that he’d chosen that particular method of death, more than, you know more than us who knew him well.
Mm.
But other than that I thought it was a real, it was a proper closure. I don’t think there were any questions as to why he’d chosen to go, I mean, he would’ve died, but died in a, in a far more undignified way, he was not someone who wanted to lie in a hospital.
Timing and waiting with the funeral or commemoration
Some religious practices require burial the day after the death. Among the people we talked to, the funeral usually took place about 2 weeks after the death.
Barbara, whose son was buried about 10 days after the death, felt that decisions about the funeral had been a bit rushed.
Some people had to wait longer for the coroner to issue an interim death certificate. Helen found waiting 7 weeks for the funeral difficult, but it gave her plenty of time to plan the funeral and get it ‘exactly right’.
Dressing and preparing the body for the funeral
Many people went to see the body of their friend or relative at a funeral director’s before the funeral (see ‘Seeing the body or not being able to do so’).
Some people took great care to dress the person they loved for the funeral, and many left jewellery with the person as a 'final gift'.
Margaret wanted her daughter to be dressed in colours she liked and to feel warm and protected for the funeral. She bought her a new coat, and she also gave her daughter her ring.
Margaret wanted her daughter to be dressed in colours she liked and to feel warm and protected for the funeral. She bought her a new coat, and she also gave her daughter her ring.
And it was very important to me how she was dressed and everything, in the colours that she liked, the silver, and she got a full-length coat. And like a, not suede, like suede effect, it was suede actually, with fur lining.
Hmm.
Not real fur, obviously. And silver velvet trousers. And I can remember, she always wanted to wear something of mine. Even though I would buy her a dressing gown the same, she would want to wear mine.
Hmm.
So I took my socks off and put my socks on her.
Did you do all that at the funeral parlour? Is that where you did that?
I gave those things to the man to put on.
Yeah.
And then my engagement ring, it was a fire opal set in diamonds and that was to come to her, she knew that. And the last time we were together she said, “Oh mum, I’m so glad you’ve still got that ring.” And there was part of me at the time that thought, “Oh just give her it.” And then I thought, “She’ll only give it away within the week.”
Hmm.
You know. And I want her to have it …
Hmm.
… but the, you know, the way that she is at the moment, she would give it away. So, her hands were bigger than mine so obviously that was to go to her. So that was important to me as well, that she had that. And there was a little diamond missing so I took it into the jewellers and said, “Could you have this ready for tomorrow because the funeral directors wanted everything she was to be dressed in and they did it for me overnight. They were very good. And they, the funeral directors said, “Well it’s actually, we’ll have to put it on her little finger”.
Hmm.
You know. No. Is that right? Her hands were bigger. It was on her little finger.
Probably the little finger …
Yeah, it’s on her little finger.
Did she have an open coffin?
The one thing I didn’t think to choose was the colour of the lining. I chose the, the wood that I thought she would like and everything but I didn’t choose the colour of her, the lining. And I would have chosen ivory or cream and it actually was white. I’ve got a lovely photograph, it may sound, it may sound quite bizarre but it was very important to have a photograph of her in there, and of me with her.
Hmm.
Well, not so much me but my hand on her forehead. On her brow. And so there is a photo of that. I asked the funeral lady to take that.
Was it an open coffin at the, at the service? At the funeral?
No.
No.
The lid was on.
But it was for you.
But people could see her when she was in here. They could go and see her in the chapel of rest at the funeral director’s when she came here. When I say here, I mean, I don’t mean in this house…
Locally.
I mean, locally. It was hard choosing the things because when I went [shopping] it was just before Christmas and when I went it was so important that I got the right things for her. There would be her …
Hmm.
... and I thought I want her to feel warm and it’s important to me that she feels protected. So I got a full-length coat.
Hmm.
There was another one that was slightly lighter that she would have loved to wear, it’s a jacket and that also was in a slightly lighter colour, almost a cream, whereas the one I’ve got is in a like a very light tan, with a cream, creamy brown lining. I’ll show you the photo.
Some people had their relative’s body returned home before the funeral so that they could say good-bye, dress the person, or add items to the coffin.
Kate, for example, arranged for both her daughters to be brought home before their funerals. She put candles and flowers in the room, invited their friends, and asked a minister to say prayers.
At home, the day before the funeral, Kate adorned Izzy with her wedding veil. Three months later she dressed her other daughter, Anna, in her wedding dress for her funeral.
At home, the day before the funeral, Kate adorned Izzy with her wedding veil. Three months later she dressed her other daughter, Anna, in her wedding dress for her funeral.
Did you actually go and see either of the girls’ bodies after they died?
Oh gosh, yes.
Was that a good thing to do?
For me oh absolutely for me, totally. I dressed, I put my wedding veil on Izzy and quite a bit of jewellery and all her bits and pieces. And we had a coffin. The coroner said to me because Izzy had been there for a few days she … there was quite a bit … she was decomposing. And they advised us not to see her. And I said, “No.” But my sister who, who organised all the funerals, said, ”Don’t worry, don’t worry, Kate we you know, we will make her presentable.”
So you did look at her?
Oh yes she had lots of makeup on.
And we had her home the night before and we had an open coffin. And because there were so many of her friends who couldn’t … we had the church service in one part where we live and we had a horse drawn carriage and the actual cemetery was a few miles away. And we knew with Izzy’s friends they couldn’t get to the church and then get to cemetery. So the night before Anna’s Izzy’s funeral, we had her in the front room. We had lots of candles and flowers. We closed the coffin and we invited them all round and they were all outside the house about thirty, forty of her friends. And the minister came and we pulled the curtains and we just said prayers.
And my, my … one of my sister’s work for an undertaker’s and she arranged all of Izzy’s funeral. And so I just said to her just do the same for Anna. We had the white horses and the white carriage and the white coffins. And Anna’s buried with Izzy.
You were talking about the importance for you of arranging the funeral and burial as you wanted?
I think… it is important because it’s the last thing that you can do for your loved ones. It’s was the last thing I could do for Izzy and Anna. And I couldn’t arrange their weddings. I couldn’t do that. Izzy has my wedding veil and Anna had my wedding dress. And we all wrote letters and put everything into their coffins. We had them home the night before. And I wanted them home, I wanted them to come home.
Was that a family tradition, has your family always done that?
We did it for my mother when she died in ’98. And we all found it was, it was helpful that we could all say what we wanted to say. And not just a quick five minute in the undertakers when my dad died in 1980. It was a very, you know a quick viewing and then you’re off again. And I think having them home helped us. I know a lot of people it’s not for them, but I didn’t want a quick funeral. I didn’t want a quick service. And neither of the girls wanted to be cremated and I didn’t want to be … I don’t want to be cremated. And it was helpful that we could take our time and have them home and do what we wanted to do. And it helped so much in that finally parting, that final goodbye.
People with certain religious beliefs prepare their relative’s body in special ways for the funeral. Paula’s husband was Muslim, so before his funeral he was washed in 'the Islamic way’ at a mosque.
Kavita’s brother was washed at home and dressed in new clothes according to Hindu tradition. A priest anointed him with oils and ointment.
Kavita’s father helped to prepare her brother’s body. His open coffin was in the house. A priest anointed her brother and performed other rituals on the day of the funeral.
Kavita’s father helped to prepare her brother’s body. His open coffin was in the house. A priest anointed her brother and performed other rituals on the day of the funeral.
My dad was very helpful in, in terms of sorting my brother’s body out and washing and getting the clothes … all these sort of things.
Is this a Hindu tradition, washing the body…?
Washing the body and dressing the body in a new … I think it’s a new outfit. So my dad had brought this suit, for dressing my brother, and had bathed him and all this.
But the day of his … the coffin in the house was the day of the funeral, yes. The priest was there for ages and doing all his rituals and putting stuff on him, my brother. And I felt really bad about that actually that his body’s being tampered with if you like and I don’t know just sad. And I remember touching my brother, you know, his head, and I just couldn’t believe that, the feeling, it was like a touching a rock really, a stone.
Hmm.
And that’s really it’s sort of you know because he looked normal really. Just looked his normal self you know. So you expect to feel him.
Hmm, Hmm.
But you don’t you, you feel this you know, sort of stone.
A few people mentioned the coffin they had chosen. Amanda said that her eldest son had chosen a biodegradable coffin for Lori because 'that is what he would have liked'.
Steve’s sister left instructions about her funeral. She wanted a simple coffin because she wanted to be cremated (see ‘Suicide notes’).
Planning for the funeral: flowers, decorations, music, readings, and tributes
Most people were heavily involved in planning the funeral, though a few said that they were distraught at the time and so others had planned it.
Some people had particular worries. Susan, for example, was worried because her son had not been christened, and she was not sure if he could have a church funeral, but the vicar reassured her that they could.
Brenda and her family asked people to come to the funeral wearing bright clothing. They wanted the church to look 'lovely' and decorated it with flowers.
Amanda put photographs of her son in the church so that everyone could see what Lori looked like. She also put brightly coloured sheets of paper in the church so that people could write down anything they remembered about him.
Linda was pleased that her daughter’s schoolteachers put some of Chloe’s artwork in the church. Stephen projected a photograph of his wife onto the wall of the church, which people liked because it felt like she was in the church with them during the service.
People often chose music and readings with enormous care: they wanted a perfect funeral.
Jenny wanted David’s funeral to be ‘perfect’. She chose the readings and poems and who would read them. The service lasted over an hour and was ‘beautiful’.
Jenny wanted David’s funeral to be ‘perfect’. She chose the readings and poems and who would read them. The service lasted over an hour and was ‘beautiful’.
Some people chose music that was 'tragic' and seemed 'appropriate', while others chose favourite songs of those who had died, or which seemed to represent the person's life. Lucy, for example, chose to play the song 'The Gambler' because her partner had loved gambling.
Susan had recordings of her daughter singing songs that she had written herself. Susan played these clips during the service, so her daughter was heard singing at her own funeral.
Melanie chose to play the hymns that she and her husband had played at their wedding.
Maurice and Jane chose Tom's favourite music for his funeral, and a reading from The Prophet by Khalil Gibran. They like the line that starts, 'Your children are not your children'.
Maurice and Jane chose Tom's favourite music for his funeral, and a reading from The Prophet by Khalil Gibran. They like the line that starts, 'Your children are not your children'.
And the service itself, did you choose special readings or music?
Yes, yes I’ve forgotten the name of the band, he wanted some band there, Pink Floyd, that’s right, Pink Floyd was his favourite, yes and I think yes he had a particular record of Pink Floyd, it’s quite amazing that now they’ve resurfaced again, and I didn’t appreciate them then but apparently a hell of a lot of other people did.
Mm.
And there were readings yes. I rather like Khalil Gibran about the children, they’re not your children, they’re God’s children. I’ll recommend anyone to read that.
Did you read that yourself?
Yes, well I knew the piece, I, I’d read Khalil Gibran before, and knew the piece and it’s there, yes I always have to have it in front of me to remember it in detail now but, do you know it?
No I don’t, I must look at it.
It’s out there I’ll show it to you.
People often asked close relatives, friends, and/or a priest to pay tribute to or talk about the person who had died at the ceremony. Some people made their own tribute, though many decided not to speak because they feared they might ‘break down’.
Amanda said that the greatest thing about the funeral was that the person who spoke about Lori really loved him. During some funerals, several different people spoke a few words, either in the church or later at the wake.
The person who spoke at Lori’s funeral adored him. She told lots of funny stories about him and made everyone laugh. Amanda’s husband also spoke about Lori.
The person who spoke at Lori’s funeral adored him. She told lots of funny stories about him and made everyone laugh. Amanda’s husband also spoke about Lori.
The wake, ‘social gathering’, or ‘funeral party’ after the funeral
After the funeral there is usually a social gathering at which people can talk and reminisce about the person who died.
People usually provided refreshments or food at these gatherings. One woman we talked to had asked a catering company to bring 'what they thought was appropriate'.
Some people said that it was good to have a wake to meet people and thank them for coming.
A few people said they really enjoyed the ‘party’ (see Interview 31, Stephen’s account, above), but others found it very hard to talk to people and wished they could have quiet time alone instead.
Barbara and her family provided food for those who came to Matt’s funeral. She found it hard to be sociable and would have preferred to have just disappeared.
Barbara and her family provided food for those who came to Matt’s funeral. She found it hard to be sociable and would have preferred to have just disappeared.
So you had the funeral which you felt was a bit rushed.
Yes.
Not enough time to think what you really wanted.
Yes. It was. And having to organise [a gathering with food] and everybody does at funerals, I know when people have died from, but to have to organise a meal and things for people, it isn’t that one begrudges you know it’s just something you don’t feel,
No.
You just don’t feel, you know, well up to.
No.
Because any death is, any death of anybody is a traumatic experience I know, but for young people who’ve been ill, terrible, but for, for a suicide somehow there’s, it’s, I feel it’s harder to come to terms with than any other kind of, there’s no sense of, there can’t be any sense of perhaps relief that maybe some people feel if you’ve had a relative who’s been ill for a long time and in pain, there’s, there’s no, there seems to be no sort of, there’s no silver lining in that respect, and no celebration of life as it were.
Did many people come to the meal that you provided afterwards?
Quite a few people did because it was only you know sandwiches and things like that but quite a few people did because they’d come from quite a, you know, quite a way so.
Mm.
Well you have to, you know, it’s only fitting to provide people with [refreshments].
I can see it must be hard to talk.
It was, very, very hard yes. I didn’t, didn’t like that at all. I’d rather just’ve disappeared, but there you are.
Susan was happy to talk to people after the funeral but regretted inviting people to the house before the funeral of one of her sons because it was difficult to make conversation then.
Organising the funeral or not having one
Some people want a funeral director to organise most aspects of the funeral while other people want to have much more control over what happens and plan it themselves.
The Natural Death Centre is a charitable project that provides independent funeral advice in the UK. The centre provides information on all types of funerals, but is particularly helpful for those who wish to have an inexpensive, family-organised, and environmentally friendly funeral, or commemoration. For more information see The Natural Death Centre (‘Resources and Information’).
One woman we talked to said that the family had decided not to have a funeral for her father who'd had an assisted death in Switzerland.
If you or someone else is in immediate danger, call 999 or attend A&E right away. If you or someone else needs urgent help for mental health, call 111 or access NHS 111 online at 111.nhs.uk for help.
If you or someone you know is struggling, help and support are available. See NHS mental health and 'Resources and Information' for more, including help and resources for people bereaved by suicide.
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